Power Consumption
Intel and AMD
Tuesday, February 9, 2010
Difference between intel core i3 processor & core 2 duo?
The difference?
i3
-32nm
-integrated graphics
-PCI-e 2.0 controller, couple of em come with 2X8 along with da 1X16 support
-2channel integrated memory controller
-hyper threading
core 2 duo
-65,45nm (needs more power n generates more heat)
-of course no concept of integrated graphics
-no PCI-E controller
-no memory controller
-no Hyper Threading
i3
-32nm
-integrated graphics
-PCI-e 2.0 controller, couple of em come with 2X8 along with da 1X16 support
-2channel integrated memory controller
-hyper threading
core 2 duo
-65,45nm (needs more power n generates more heat)
-of course no concept of integrated graphics
-no PCI-E controller
-no memory controller
-no Hyper Threading
What is the difference between AMD and Intel processors?
They are competitors.
The main difference between AMD and Intel processors are that AMD processors have a 10 step execution process which doesn't allow as fast of a clock but AMD's counter that by being able to do more operations per clock cycle. Intls on the other hand have a 20 step execution proccess which allows much higher clock speeds but they have fewer operations per clock. Thats why a 2.08 Ghz AMD barton can perform at levels like a 2.8 GHz Pentium 4. Another difference between the processors are the sockets they use. AMD's generally use Socket A (462 pins) while Intel generally uses Socket 478 (478 pins). Other differences include supported chip sets, AMD motherboards generally use SIS, VIA, or N force chip sets while Intel motherboards use Intel, SIS, and most recently ATI chip sets. AMD is a favorite for over clockers because with minor modifications the FSB multiplier can be unlocked while Intel multipliers cannot be unlocked (Not to say that AMD is used exclusively by over clockers, because it is not, but this ability to be unlocked is a plus). Also as of now Intel processors have the largest L3 cache at 2mb while the largest for AMD is 1mb
INTEL processors: Intel was the first major brand for desktop CPUs, they survived a lot of competitors. The CPUs they manufacture are always a bit more expensive than AMDs. Because of their market shares, Intel was able to force some "gadgets" onto the market. Until 2002, all CPUs were classified by the speed (for example 2GHz - so 2000MHz). Intel lost some influence on the desktops CPU market because of AMDs techniques - they used not only pure speed but a more specific command kernel. By that the CPUs (i.E. AMD Athlon XP) were slower, but provided the same results as a faster Intel CPU (remember? AMD at 1.666GHz was the same as a INTEL on 1,8GHz). Intel provides most of the "normal" server CPUs today. Private users often choose AMDs for their machines to save costs. Intel supports the classification by the pure speed of a CPU no more. The introduced new numbers for the CPUs which represent the speed, the advanced features, the cache etc. for a certain CPU.
AMD: AMD concentrated on the PC and consumer market and cut the costs for their CPUs in order to be more competitive. Nowadays the AMD CPUs are hotter than Intel CPUs, therefore you will need a better cooling and your system will be a bit louder. AMD provides a dual core CPU for PCs longer than Intel and guess they have more experience with these features.
The main difference between AMD and Intel processors are that AMD processors have a 10 step execution process which doesn't allow as fast of a clock but AMD's counter that by being able to do more operations per clock cycle. Intls on the other hand have a 20 step execution proccess which allows much higher clock speeds but they have fewer operations per clock. Thats why a 2.08 Ghz AMD barton can perform at levels like a 2.8 GHz Pentium 4. Another difference between the processors are the sockets they use. AMD's generally use Socket A (462 pins) while Intel generally uses Socket 478 (478 pins). Other differences include supported chip sets, AMD motherboards generally use SIS, VIA, or N force chip sets while Intel motherboards use Intel, SIS, and most recently ATI chip sets. AMD is a favorite for over clockers because with minor modifications the FSB multiplier can be unlocked while Intel multipliers cannot be unlocked (Not to say that AMD is used exclusively by over clockers, because it is not, but this ability to be unlocked is a plus). Also as of now Intel processors have the largest L3 cache at 2mb while the largest for AMD is 1mb
INTEL processors: Intel was the first major brand for desktop CPUs, they survived a lot of competitors. The CPUs they manufacture are always a bit more expensive than AMDs. Because of their market shares, Intel was able to force some "gadgets" onto the market. Until 2002, all CPUs were classified by the speed (for example 2GHz - so 2000MHz). Intel lost some influence on the desktops CPU market because of AMDs techniques - they used not only pure speed but a more specific command kernel. By that the CPUs (i.E. AMD Athlon XP) were slower, but provided the same results as a faster Intel CPU (remember? AMD at 1.666GHz was the same as a INTEL on 1,8GHz). Intel provides most of the "normal" server CPUs today. Private users often choose AMDs for their machines to save costs. Intel supports the classification by the pure speed of a CPU no more. The introduced new numbers for the CPUs which represent the speed, the advanced features, the cache etc. for a certain CPU.
AMD: AMD concentrated on the PC and consumer market and cut the costs for their CPUs in order to be more competitive. Nowadays the AMD CPUs are hotter than Intel CPUs, therefore you will need a better cooling and your system will be a bit louder. AMD provides a dual core CPU for PCs longer than Intel and guess they have more experience with these features.
What is the difference between a hub, switch, and router?
A hub forwards packets it receives through one port to every other port on the device.
A switch will read packet headers and identify which machines are connected to which port based on the information they send. Any packets addressed to those machines will only get sent to that port of the switch.
A router looks at packet headers to determine which port it needs to forward a packet through, and also will translate packets between different protocols if needed. A router can also define subnets and will filter traffic as needed. Routers usually include DHCP, port forwarding capabilities and a whole host of other things usually controlled by software and therefore user customizable.
A switch will read packet headers and identify which machines are connected to which port based on the information they send. Any packets addressed to those machines will only get sent to that port of the switch.
A router looks at packet headers to determine which port it needs to forward a packet through, and also will translate packets between different protocols if needed. A router can also define subnets and will filter traffic as needed. Routers usually include DHCP, port forwarding capabilities and a whole host of other things usually controlled by software and therefore user customizable.
What is a runt, Giant, and collision?
When used in reference to networks, a runt is a packet that is too small to traverse the network. Network protocols such as Ethernet often require that packets be a minimum
number of bytes in order to travel the network. Runts are often the result of packet collisions along a busy network or can result from faulty hardware that is forming the
packets or from corrupted data being sent across the network. giant is a packet that is too large to traverse the network. Network protocols such as Ethernet often require
that packets can not be over a specific number of bytes in order to travel the network.
number of bytes in order to travel the network. Runts are often the result of packet collisions along a busy network or can result from faulty hardware that is forming the
packets or from corrupted data being sent across the network. giant is a packet that is too large to traverse the network. Network protocols such as Ethernet often require
that packets can not be over a specific number of bytes in order to travel the network.
What is 3G?
3G is a family of standards for mobile telecommunications defined by the International Telecommunication Union, which includes GSM EDGE, UMTS, and CDMA2000 as well as DECT and WiMAX. Services include wide-area wireless voice telephone, video calls, and wireless data, all in a mobile environment. 3G allows simultaneous use of speech and data services and higher data rates (up to 14.0 Mbit/s on the downlink and 5.8 Mbit/s on the uplink with HSPA+). Thus, 3G networks enable network operators to offer users a wider range of more advanced services while achieving greater network capacity through improved spectral efficiency.
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